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The Future of Bridge Inspection

加拿大公路桥梁设计代码(S6-14, 2014) considers a service life of 75 years for newly constructed bridge. What does this mean in engineering terms? It means that the bridges of the future should have satisfactory performance, both durability and structural, during the proposed life-cycle. This can be quite challenging when we look closely; the environment and environmental loading (i.e. snow, freeze and thaw cycles, corrosion, earthquakes, etc.) can change, the traffic can change dramatically, some unknown damage mechanisms can be detected, etc. To achieve such service life, a carefully reviewed design and detailing is required. This should be followed by high quality construction work. Finally, a systematic maintenance plan (as part of asset management) should exist to ensure that the performance objectives are met at all times. so what does the future of bridge inspection look like?

The Future of Bridge Inspection

在加拿大,日常维护是,应该是一个首要任务。苛刻的冬季条件是满足75年的寿命要求的巨大挑战。这清楚地表明了计划良好的维护工作的重要性。例如,当桥接桥接到流量和公共用途时,应在开始时实现维护计划。维护计划包括常规和综合检查。当在常规和综合检查期间观察到损伤机制的症状时,计划立即和深入检查(损坏检查),以进一步评估损伤机制的来源,金额,效果和未来潜力。例如,安大略省结构检测手册(osim,2008)要求所有桥梁和涵洞3边界rs or greater shall be inspected through a detailed visual inspection. The OSIM or PWGSC Bridge Inspection Manual (BMI) presents the requirement and procedure of a detail visual inspection for concrete structures, specifically Bridge structures.

Regardless of inspection type, an element-by-element close up visual evaluation and examination (visual inspection) is strongly recommended at the very first stage of the inspection. This is recommended because most of abnormalities due to a damage mechanism have apparent and visual signs. Moreover, the visual inspection can help to figure out the test plan needed for an inspection project.

然而,目视检查可能不足以检测混凝土桥梁的早期损坏。通常情况下,只有在真的很晚才发生损坏的迹象。例如,ASR裂缝可能发生在20-30岁的建设之后。腐蚀诱导的裂缝只能在太晚时可见。

NDT方法进行桥接检查

Nondestructive Evaluation of Concrete - Concrete Scanning and Imaging当没有观察到明显标志时,NDT方法可以有助于检测早期阶段的损坏机制。早期检测损坏最大限度地减少了维护工作的成本。更重要的是,NDT方法的混凝土结构的条件评估不仅限于表面上具有明显迹象的那些劣化。NDT方法可用于常规检查项目;它们可用于在期刊检查中跟踪损害状态。NDT方法的另一个优点是它们可以通过对结构的最小干预来执行。这有助于防止在已经受损的结构中加剧了问题。NDT方法可用于评估不容易访问的元素的条件。一个例子是深层基础或质量混凝土结构。

Different NDT methods can be used to detect different damage mechanism. For example, a group of acoustic methods can be used to detect cracks and delamination in concrete. Radar techniques can be used to detect voids, location of rebar, etc. The important question is how to select the best NDT techniques for a specific project.

The relevant NDT method is selected based on the project goals and objectives. In other words, the best NDT method for a damage mechanism is subjected to type, nature and origin of the damage mechanism. For instance, electrochemical methods are more applicable for quantifying the real time corrosion rate and future corrosion potential of steel rebar, while the acoustic methods are mostly fit to evaluate the corrosion side effects such as extent of cracks and delaminated areas due to corrosion of steel rebar.

结构健康监测for Bridge Structures

桥梁检查的未来智能结构健康监测解决方案的部署已经开始塑造桥梁检查的未来。物联网,智能传感器和无线连接使这些系统具有成本效益,易于实现。

SHM系统可以提供有关结构性属性的不同方面的实时数据,环境变化,以及具有数据驱动决策工具的维护管理器。

微机电系统(MEMS)的开发,以及诸如蓝牙5和5G等现代无线通信平台将为更实用的SHM解决方案铺平铺路。在云计算和大数据的帮助下,数据分析远远容易,这将有助于将大量数据调查转化为工程师和所有者的决策工具。

2关于“桥梁检查未来”的思考

  1. Pingback:如何测试损坏的桥梁?|欢迎您的加入FPRIMEC解决方案

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